联合国未来峰会于9月23日在美国纽约闭幕。
有240多位来自不同国家、地区及国际组织的领导人或代表在峰会期间发言。会议通过了《未来公约》、《全球数字契约》和《子孙后代宣言》，涉及可持续发展和发展筹资，国际和平与安全，科学、技术和创新及数字合作，青年和子孙后代，全球治理变革等关键领域。
可持续发展和发展筹资
可持续发展仍然是全球未来议程的核心。峰会重申了各国实现2030年可持续发展目标的承诺，尤其是在消除贫困、结束饥饿和促进性别平等方面，并承诺加大对发展中国家的资金和技术支持。大会强调“我们将采取大胆、雄心勃勃、加速、公平和变革性的行动，以落实2030议程，实现可持续发展目标，不让任何一个人掉队。”
国际和平与安全
当前全球安全形势复杂多变，威胁从陆地延伸到网络空间、外太空等领域。峰会呼吁，国际和平与安全必须通过国际法、多边合作以及外交手段来维护，防止新的冲突爆发。峰会强调：“我们将通过集体措施预防和消除国际和平与安全的威胁，恢复信任，深化国际合作。”
科技创新数字合作
科技创新与数字合作被视为推动未来发展的关键驱动力，特别是在弥合发展中国家和发达国家之间的数字鸿沟方面。峰会指出，“将通过国际合作负责任地管理科技风险”，特别是它们可能加剧不平等的风险，确保其成为包容性和可持续发展的催化剂。”
青年与未来世代
青年在国家和国际层面参与决策是实现和平与安全未来的关键。峰会承诺加大对“儿童和青年的社会和经济发展”的投资，确保他们能够实现自身的社会和经济潜力。同时峰会还呼吁加强青年参与决策的机会，赋予他们在全球事务中的更多话语权，特别是在解决气候变化和社会正义等议题上。
全球治理变革
峰会强调了“变革全球治理，重振多边体系”的必要性，以应对当今和未来的挑战。峰会指出，联合国及其关键机构，如联合国安全理事会，亟需改革，以确保它们能够更加有效、公正和透明地应对全球性问题。全球治理变革旨在让多边体系更加包容和具备回应能力，确保所有国家的声音都能得到平等代表。
气候行动
气候变化仍然是全球面临的最紧迫挑战之一，尤其是对发展中国家而言，其影响尤为严重。未来峰会明确表示，各国必须加速履行《巴黎协定》的承诺，同时加大对发展中国家的支持力度。为实现这一目标，峰会还呼吁各国不仅要减少碳排放，还要加快可再生能源的推广，并采取措施保护自然生态系统，恢复森林和其他重要的碳汇资源。
2024年未来峰会为全球发展指明了方向，呼吁全球合作应对复杂的挑战。无论是在可持续发展、全球安全、技术创新，还是在青年参与和气候行动方面，与会各国都表达了共同的决心：通过多边合作和国际法，共同建设一个更加包容、公正和可持续的未来。
The Summit of the Future 2024 concludes on September 23 in New York.
More than 240 leaders and representatives from different countries, regions, and international organizations spoke during the summit. The conference adopted the Pact for the Future, Global Digital Compact, and Declaration on Future Generations, covering key areas such as sustainable development and financing for development, international peace and security, science, technology, and innovation, digital cooperation, youth and future generations, and the transformation of global governance.
Sustainable Development and Financing for Development
Sustainable development goals (SDGs) remain central to the global agenda. The summit reaffirmed the commitment of countries to achieving the 2030 Agenda, with a focus on eradicating poverty, ending hunger, and advancing gender equality. As the document states, “We will take bold, ambitious, accelerated, just and transformative actions to implement the 2030 Agenda, achieve the Sustainable Development Goals and leave no one behind.”
International Peace and Security
The current global security landscape is increasingly complex, with threats spanning land, cyberspace, and outer space. The summit emphasised that international peace and security must be upheld through international law, multilateral cooperation, and diplomacy to prevent new conflicts. The document notes, “We will take effective collective measures for the prevention and removal of threats to international peace and security, rebuild trust, and deepen international cooperation.”
Science, Technology and Innovation and Digital Cooperation
Science, Technology and Innovation and Digital Cooperation are seen as critical drivers of future development, especially in bridging the digital divide between developing and developed countries. The summit noted, “We will responsibly manage the potential risks posed by science and technology, particularly the ways in which science, technology and innovation can perpetuate and deepen divides.” The emphasis is on ensuring that technology serves as a catalyst for inclusive and sustainable development through international cooperation, addressing both social inequalities and environmental challenges.
Youth and Future Generations
Youth and future generations are central to the future agenda, with the summit pledging increased investment in their development to ensure they can realize their full social and economic potential. The summit also calls for greater opportunities for youth to participate in decision-making processes, giving them a stronger voice in global affairs, particularly in addressing climate change and social justice issues.
Transforming Global Governance
The summit stressed the profound need to “transform global governance and reinvigorate the multilateral system” to tackle the challenges, and seize the opportunities, of today and tomorrow. This call for transformation highlights the urgency of reforming key institutions, including the UN Security Council, to ensure they are more effective, just, and transparent in addressing current and future global challenges. The goal is to make the multilateral system more inclusive and responsive, ensuring that all nations have an equal voice in global decision-making.
Climate Actions
Climate change remains one of the greatest challenges of our time. The summit emphasized the need to accelerate efforts to meet the targets set by the Paris Agreement, calling for more decisive action to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and enhance support for developing countries in their climate resilience efforts. To achieve this, the summit called on parties to contribute to the following global efforts: tripling renewable energy capacity globally and doubling the global average annual rate of energy efficiency improvements by 2030.
The 2024 Summit of the Future has set a clear direction for global development through the Pact for the Future, calling for global cooperation to tackle complex challenges. Whether in sustainable development, international security, technological innovation, or youth participation and climate action, global leaders have expressed a shared determination to build a more inclusive, just, and sustainable future through multilateral cooperation and adherence to international law.